3.3 语句分类

wangc

Oct 9, 2017

笔记摘录自 The Only Grammar Book You’ll Ever Need

类型按语法结构进行分类

简单句
一个主语加一个谓语
多个主语加一个位于（and连接主语）
一个主语多个位于（and连接）
1. I see John laughed.
2. The tall, good looking boy with the curly blond hair laughed loudly at his best friend’s story.
并列句
- 两个简单句通过一定的手段连接，构成了并列句。两个分句中展示出的主语和谓语同等重要且相互关联。
- 连接；（FANBOYS）for，and，nor，but，or，yet，so、或分号、分号加连接副词
  1. The old car sputtered to the top of the hill and we were all relieved.
  2. The old car sputtered to the top of the hill; we were all relieved.
  3. The old car sputtered to the top of the hill;therefore, we were all relieved.
复合句
主句加从句
写复合句时，要首先判断表达内容中的主要信息和次要信息。当你决定为哪个分句加上从属连词时，其实就只命令你所选择的次要信息。
并列复合句

陈述句
- 用来表达观点和事实
- 分为肯定和否定，和句号搭配
疑问句
- 一般疑问句
- 特殊疑问句
- 选择疑问句
- 附加疑问句
  1. Is browsing on the internet your favorite pastime?
  2. What is your favourite pastime?
  3. Is your favorite pastime playing golf or browing on the interne?
  4. Browsing on the internet is your favorite pastime,isn’t it?
祈使句
- 表达命令请求，劝告，建议，句末一般用句号或感叹号
- Do型
- Be型
- Let 型
1. ○ Please stand up！ Don’t move！
2. ○ Be sure to take your personal >belongings befotr getting off the train
3. ○ Don’t be late for your class！
4. ○ Let me know if your have any problem
5. ○ Don’t let him go
6. ○ Let hime not go
感叹句
- What 引导
- How引导
  1. ○ What a great idea it is？ 2.○ How great the idea is！ 3.○ How I miss you！

松散句
- 在一个句子中，先介绍主要信息，再介绍次要信息，那么这样的句子，就是松散句
  - The Internet provides an endless source of entertainment，because of the varity of websites，fun games，entertaining videos，and Wikipedia
圆周句
- 先介绍次要信息，再介绍主要信息，也就是要到句子的末尾，整个句子的意思才完全表达清楚
  - Although Isincerely regret having totell you this and really hope that you will understand， I’m afraid to inform you that，I’ve broken your favorite antique vase
对偶句
- 对偶句的前后部分结构相似，但意思相反。
  - Ask not what your country can do for you；ask what you can do for your contry。
平行结构句
- 把两个或两个以上的结构相同，意义并重，预期一致的词，短语或句子排列成串形成一个整体。可以加强语气。
  - We can gain knowledge by observation or by practice
短句：一般来说，短句语气重，可陈述重要的事实和想法。比较简洁有力，可表明一种急迫，紧张，快节奏的动作，